Process for cracking oil



Feb. 26, 1929. 1,703,617

G. EGLOFF PROCSS FOR CRACKING OIL Patented Feb.l 26, 1929. i d I i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV EGLOFF, 0F

COMPANY, 0F CHICAGO, I

CHICAGO,

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR LLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

To UNIVERSAL oir. PRODUCTS l PROCESS FOR CRACKING OIL.

Application filed December 15, 1920, Serial No. 430,870. Renewed March 24, 1927.

This invention relates to improvements in process for cracking oil and refers inoi'e particularly to method and means for utilizing and controlling the incondensable gas formed h of the crackin@r as an inevitable result and more particularly n proce$s to the utilization ofthe incondensable gas formed by the process'itself, by passing it back through the heating tubes. s each receiver goes to a In the present invention, the gas from common gas header,

and is prevented from flowing back to the receiver, but instead is conveyed to a suitable reservoir Where it is compressed-and returned to the heating tubes.

n the drawings, the sin le g figure designates a view partly in side elevation and partly in vertical section of a battery of' stills, constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Referring to the drawings,

1 designates the various furnaces, ineach of which'is mounted a heating coil y 2, as for example. a continuous coil of four-inch pipe several hundred feet in length. Each coil 2 is connected by transfer line 3, having throttle valve chamber 5. The inlet side nected to a suitable fee 4. to its expansion of each coil is cond pump 6, leading to any suitable source of raw oil supply. Each vapor chamber 5 is provided with a residue draw ofl pipe 7, controlled by throttle valve 8. and is also provided pipe 9, extending into vapors with a vapor outlet the lower end of a legmator 10, and provided-with a spaced the .arrangement being such to enter the dephlegile preventingv the reflux confalling back into the expansion reflux condensate is drawn off through the line valve 13. and leading back 12, having throttle to the corresponding feed pump. Each dephlegmator isprovided with suitable baflles 14, and at its upf a vapor outletpipe 15. leadper end` with ing to condenser c oil 16, seated in condenser box 17. The lower end of each coil 16 is connected to each corresponding-,receiver 18,' which receiver has liquid draw ofl' pipe 19,

controlled by throttle valve 20 and pressure gauge 21 and liquid level gauge 22. Each receiver is also provided at its upper end with a gas outlet pipe 23. having throttle valve 24,

which pipes 23 lead to` ly opening check valve pass freely past the ch a common gas header n each pipe 23 is interposed an outward- 26, the arrangement eck valve 26 into the ,While still in liquid header 25, but is prevented at all times from passing back from the header 25 to any of the receivers because of said check valve. The eader 25 is connected to a compressor pump 27, which by means of'line 28, delivers coiidensible gas under pressure into the gas receiver 29. This gas receiver 29 should, of course, be large enough to hold a very substantial amount of any incondensiblevgas, it being understood that the gas receiver here shown is only for the purpose of illustration. This receiver`29 is connected by a feed line 30, having main throttle valve 31. The feed line 0 in turn is connected by branch` lines 32 having throttle valves 33 to the inlet side of 70 the heating coils 2.

The process may be operated as follows:

. Oil, as for example, Kansas fuel oil, may be continuously fed through the `various stills, and there subjected to a pressure of say 135 75 pounds and a temperature of 750 degrees F. phase the oil is delivered to the expansion chambers 5, where vaporization takes place. The generated vapors pass through the dephlegmators, where they are subjected to reflux condensation, and the reflux condensate returns to the heating tube for further treatment. The still incondensed portion of the vapors passes thence to the final condenser and receivers. The incondensable gas escapes from all of the stills to the common gas header, and thence isdelivered by the compression pump to the gas reservoir and' returned, if desired, to any or all of the heating coils. It is to be understood that it may not be desirable in all cases to continuously.' return the incondensable gas from the reservoir to the stills, and it is to be understood that each unit of the Ybattery is vcomplete in itself and constructed exactly alike .and maintains its own pressure over its own generated vapors'and is not subjected to any back pressure from the gas header on the receivers. In other Words, the incondensable gas is prevented from flowing backwardly through the system at all times.

i claim asmy invention:

1. A process of treating hydrocarbon oils. consisting in heating the oil in a plurality of independent units, in dephlegmating the evolved vapors, in continuously returning lthe .reflux condensate to each heating unit for retreatment, in condensing the vapors resulting rom such dephlegniation and in collecting' l' the resulting distillate, -in passing the unconthe in- 60 densed gases produced in each unit to a common header While preventing the return of incondensablegasesfrom. said header into 7Dany one of said units, compressing the incon- 5 densable gases collec-ted in said header and in returning said compressed gases in regulatv ed quantities to the raw oil treated in each unit. 2. A. process for treating hydrocarbon oils 10 comprising heating the oil in a plurality K of independent units, dephlegmating the l evolved vapors, condensing the vapors uncondensed by such dephlegmation and collecting the resulting distillate, passing the incondensablegases produced in each'unit t0 a. com 15 mon receiver While preventing the return of incondensable gases into any one of said units, compressing the incondensable gases collected in said receiver and returning sai icompressed gases in regulated quantities to 20 selected units to facilitate ythe conversion of the oil therein.

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